Experts have estimated that around 80 of deforestation in the amazon is due to cattle ranching. Viii deforestation in this area is predominately caused by livestock farming by small scale traditional ranchers and by large scale commercial intensive.
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The 2019 amazon fires sparked global outrage a diplomatic spat between brazil and france and calls for an international boycott of brazilian beef independent 2019 the episode was subsequently linked to a drastic increase in official estimates of the rate of amazon deforestation inpe 2019a fuelled by several high profile deforestation studies fearnside 2015.
Deforestation due to livestock. In 1990 there were around 26 million head of cattle in brazilian amazonia but in 2006 this figure had risen to 73 7 million. Of the four major deforestation drivers beef has by far the largest impact. Extensive cattle ranching is the number one culprit of deforestation in virtually every amazon country and it accounts for 80 of current deforestation nepstad et al.
However these numbers only account for the areas cleared for the creation of pastures and don t include land used to grow food being produced for. The growth in cattle ranching has expanded extremely rapidly here. The strongest statements linking animal agriculture and deforestation come from the food and agriculture organization of the united nations fao.
Strong markets for beef and dairy products stimulated livestock expansion and deforestation in the 1960s and 1970s. Brazil bolivia and peru are hit the hardest by deforestation due to excessive logging agriculture and cattle production. Deforestation rates in central america declined in the 1980s but remained high.
Cattle ranching is the largest driver of deforestation in every amazon country accounting for 80 of current deforestation rates. Converting forest to pasture for beef cattle largely in latin america is responsible for destroying 2 71 million hectares of tropical forest each year an area about the size of the state of massachusetts in just four countries. One in ten known species on the planet live within the amazon and they will all be in danger if deforestation rates continue to climb.
Alone the deforestation caused by cattle ranching is responsible for the release of 340 million tons of carbon to the atmosphere every year equivalent to 3 4 of. Then some of this pasture land left by cattle ranching is also used for soybean cultivation though it causes direct deforestation as well which nullifies that land of reforestation. Most of the soybean cultivation is due to the demand for soybean meal used as livestock feed ref.
The beef industry is the biggest cause of deforestation in every country in the amazonian region. Amazon brazil is home to approximately 200 million head of cattle and is the largest exporter in the world supplying about one quarter of the global market. Nepstad et al 2014 a.
After expanding rapidly cattle population and pasture area have stagnated although they continue to expand on the humid tropical frontier. A new report from fao says livestock.
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